Classroom Rules
Be on time and be
always prepared for
your class. Bring your
laptop in class.
Keep your mobile
phone switched off
or in a silent mode.
Ask only relevant
questions during
teaching time.
Do not interfere with
the teaching and
learning of your
colleagues.
Be polite and
respectful of the
teacher, yourself,
your classmates and
your institution.
Always do your best.
Foundation Year Project
Week 1 – Day 1: An Introduction to the Module
and its outcomes. Business proposal.
Module 5 Feedback
Module Overview
Module
Overview
Undertake independent learning
project
Apply knowledge and skills obtained in
previous Modules
Test a business idea
Learn how to visually present your
findings
Learning Outcomes
On successful completion of this module students will be able to:

Session Learning Outcomes
By the end of this session students will be able to:
• Understand topics covered in this module, their
assessment(s), how it is assessed, expectations and
necessary steps to succeed.
• Learn about business proposal and its purpose.
• Review the structure of the written report.
Module content
Business proposal and research
Market research and Marketing Mix
Review: Stakeholder analysis, SWOT and PESTLE
Financial aspects and franchising

Deadlines
The assessment will consist of:
Assignment 1: Individual written project
(1,500 words)
Assignment 2: Individual poster on the
project (equivalent to 1,500 words)
Module Assessment
The Module is 100% Coursework – no exams
Submission date: 14:00,
Friday 26th of May 2023
Submission date: 14:00,
Monday 22nd of May 2023
Things to avoid
Not attending lectures regularly or arriving late to sessions.
Copying information from other students (Academic malpractice).
Using websites for ghost-writing or essay samples (Academic malpractice).
Not engaging with formative activities in class
Not doing the module reading
Not using the assignment guide when writing an assignment!!!!
Not reading your feedback from lecturers on assignments!.
Successful
completion of
the module
Depends on your ability to answer the
assignment brief questions correctly and in a
planned manner.
Steps to answering a module question:
Download and review the class material before
coming to class
Always bring your laptop to class
Participate in formative activities in class
Be creative and think out of the box
Only use recommended resources for citing
10 Sources for Citations
1.Fletcher, J., Fyall, A., Gilbert, D., Wanhill, S. (2018) Tourism: principles and practice. Harlow: Person
Education.
2.Madura, J. (2007) Introduction to Business. 4th edn. Thomson Higher Education. Available in
Additional Resources in Moodle.
3.Fullen, S.L. and Podmoroff, D. (2006) How to write a great business plan for your small business in
60 minutes or less. Ocala: Atlantic Publishing Company.
4. Griffin, M.P. (2015) How to Write a Business Plan: A Step-by-Step Guide to Creating a Plan That
Gets Results: AMA Self-Study.
5. Murray, J.W. (2008). The Complete Guide to Writing Effective and Award-Winning Business
Proposals: Step-by-Step Instructions. Ocala: Atlantic Publishing Company.
You must only use the following 10 sources for your
citations:
Reading List – Core Texts (cont’d)
6.Altinay, L., Paraskevas, A. and Jang, S. (2016) Planning research in hospitality and tourism. Second
edition. Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
7.McKeever, M. (2018) How to Write a Business Plan. Berkeley, California: NOLO.
8.Saunders, M., Lewis, P., Thornhill, A. (2012) Research methods for business students. 6th ed.
Essex: Financial Times, Prentice Hall.
9.Tracy, B. (2014) Marketing. New York: AMACOM (Brian Tracy Success Library).
10.MarketLine Industry Profile: Travel & Tourism in United Kingdom’ (2023) Travel & Tourism Industry
Profile: United Kingdom, pp. 1–80.
You must only use the following 10 sources for your
citations:
Other sources for Marketing Research
Websites:
National Careers Service
Visitbritain.org/travel-trade
Bloomberg Businessweek
The Financial Times
Trading economics
ONS (Office for National Statistics)
World bank data
Companies’ websites
Statista (open access)
Google maps and reviews
Harvard business review (magazine)
Assignment Briefs
• Individual
• Based on your own business
idea
• In your local area
• Within Tourism industry
• Be creative
• Independent learning
• Prepare a business proposal
• Submit a written report
• 1,500 words
Assignment One – Foundation Year
Project
• Individual
• Based on your own business idea from
Assignment One
• Follow the template on Moodle
• Produced in Power Point – submitted in
Word.
• Submit a poster
• Equivalent of 1,500 words
• No presentation required
• Use:
• Graphs
• Tables
• Maps
• Images
• Numbers
• Bullet points
Assignment Two – Poster
Business Proposals
Structure of a startup Business
Proposal
(Murray, 2008)
• Written to obtain financing
form a bank, lender or
investor.
• Includes a short description
of the business, including
location and startup date.
• Information on the owner or
owners and the people who
will be in top management
positions.
• Includes a general company
description.
(Murray, 2008)
Business Proposals – Overview
• The money put into starting and
running a business is an investment.
• Risks are higher but the reward in
case of success is higher as well.
• Generally, it is better to operate with
someone else’s money.
• Risk: the business might fail, and the
investment is lost.
(Forbes, 2014)
To present to investors
• Lending money is a category of
investing.
• The risks generally are lower than
investing because the lender does not
have a share in the business.
• Rewards are relatively modest –
interest payments.
• Risk: the owner goes bankrupt, and
the loan is only partially recovered or
lost.
To present to lenders
Business Proposal – Purpose
What is the difference between lenders and
investors?
• City and location is described
• Data on population demographics,
number of households, average
household income level, average
educational level, ethnic distribution
of population and other marketing
information.
• Description of the target clientele and
its characteristics, needs, wants and
demands; their buying habits and
interests.
Demographic Analysis
• Products or services sold by the
company.
• May include product descriptions,
information on manufacturing or
sources of products for resale.
• Service descriptions with information
on how services are provided and to
whom.
• Might include pricing details or
distribution channels.
Product/Service Plan
Business Proposal – Content
Based on Murray (2008)
• Marketing activities are described
• Very often SWOT or PESTLE analysis is
used (or both)
• Market trends are identified, and a
brief industry analysis is provided
• Promotional activities are outlined,
especially for the first year of
operations
Marketing and Promotion Plan
• Direct and indirect competitors, with
their locations and addresses
• Remarks on their size or number of
employees/product lines
• Include their relative market share,
their unique sales proposition
• Analysis of their competitive threat to
the company
Competition Analysis
Business Proposal – Content
Based on Murray (2008)
• “Day One” spreadsheet: A startup
spreadsheet showing the costs of initial
investment, for example, purchasing
the equipment, inventory or opening
budgets.
• Pro-forma Income Statement:
reasonable estimates on monthly sales
and expenses.
• Breakeven analysis – when sales start
to cover the expenses.
• How much the owners are ready to
invest of their own funds: to show that
they are ready to take risks as well.
Financial Information
• Information about owners, their
expertise and experience, their share in
the company and the board of
directors.
• Information on the number of
employees, their positions and job
descriptions.
• Advisors: legal, insurance, banking etc.
• Stakeholder analysis may be
performed: who will have interest in
your company.
Management Plan
Business Proposal – Content
Based on Murray (2008)
Report vs Essay
• A report is the formal method
of communicating the results
of a project or research
assignment (Cottrell, 2019).
• It is different from essays.
• However, it still needs an
introduction, a conclusion
and a list of references
(University of Hull, 2022).
• Poster is a one-page report
where all the information
presented on the front of one
page only.
What Is a Report?
Image: Dribble (2022)
(BBB, 2023)
• Academic setting
• Debate or critique theories and ideas;
seldom your own data or new
research.
• Continuous piece of paragraphed text.
No headings or numbering.
• Do not contain tables or appendices.
• Do not include recommendations.
Essays
• Typical for professional work setting
• Present research data and findings
that you collected yourself.
• Sections, subheadings, and table of
contents
• Contain tables, charts and appendices
• Includes a
discussion/recommendations for
actions
Reports
Report vs Essay
(Cottrell, 2019)
• Table of contents
• Executive summary (optional)
• Overview of your whole report including main approaches, findings and recommendations.
• Introduction
• Context (Background)
• Purpose – why you are writing this report?
• Approach – are you using any particular theoretical tools or research approaches?
• Discussion/Analysis
• Identification of issues and problems and explanation of their causes
• Links to theories that help you explain the case
• Conclusion
• Lessons learned and best solutions
• Recommendations (may have their own section)
• Reference list
• Appendices (optional)
Structure of a Typical Report
Any questions about the module are welcome
• Murray, J.W. (2008) The Complete Guide to Writing Effective and Award-Winning Business Proposals: Step-by-Step
Instructions. Ocala: Atlantic Publishing Company.
• Cottrell, S. (2019) The study skills handbook. Basingstoke, Palgrave.
• University of Hull (2022) Other Assessments: Case Studies. Available at: https://libguides.hull.ac.uk/other/cases.
(Accessed: 4 January 2023).
• British Business Bank (BBB) (2023) Alone together: Entrepreneurship and diversity in the UK. Available at:
https://www.british-business-bank.co.uk/research-alone-together/. (Accessed: 4 January 2023).
• Forbes (2014) When a Small Business Loan Is Better Than An Investor. Available at:
https://www.forbes.com/sites/thesba/2014/01/17/when-a-small-business-loan-is-better-than-aninvestor/?sh=7ba1c784c220. (Accessed: 5 January 2023).
• Arya, A., Mittendorf, B. and Pfeiffer, T. (2021) ‘Incentive Provision in Light of Expertise and Operational Involvement
of Angel Investors’, Production & Operations Management, 30(9), pp. 2890–2909. doi:10.1111/poms.13409.
• Micic, I. (2015) Crowdfunding: Overview of the Industry, Regulation and Role of Crowdfunding in the Venture
Startup. Hamburg: Anchor. Available at:
https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=sso&db=e020mww&AN=1006996&site=edslive (Accessed: 5 January 2023).
• ProductPlan (2023) Stakeholder Analysis. Available at: https://www.productplan.com/glossary/stakeholderanalysis/. (Accessed: 5 January 2023).
References