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Assignment 2 Networking

Assume that you were recently hired by a manufacturing company as a systems administrator trainee. Your first assignment is to develop a paper that communicates the various functions of telecommunications to end users. As a result, you should try to keep your explanations of the technology as simple as possible. Write a four to five (4-5) page paper in which you: Describe the features of telecommunications networks, including key networking technologies. Cover the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, including each logical layer. Discuss whether telephone networks and computer networks will remain distinct in the future. Describe various network media and how they are changing. Explain the differences among LANS, WANS, CANS, and MANS. Describe three (3) ways in which businesses use Internet services and protocols. (For example, what is VoIP and how is it used?) Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources. Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements: Be typed, double-spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions. Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length. The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are: Illustrate the use of information and communication technologies to solve problems as an information technology professional. Use technology and information resources to research issues in information technology. Write clearly and concisely about introductory information technology topics using proper writing mechanics and technical style conventions.

Features of telecommunications networks

Telecommunication plays the important role in the emerging cloud market and in the ecosystem. The telecommunication network is the central part for the multi tenant architecture of the cloud that delivers the multiservice for the multi users.

Features of telecommunication:

Principal tool for the computing work in group.

Provide high speed communication within the limited are.

Facilities involve jukebox optical memory and fast printers.

Provide the backbone through which all the other nodes are communicate.

Use telecommunication links and equipment given by the specialized vendors.

Sol:1

Network topologies:

The purpose for the control of network is to give the connection between the nodes that require communicating. The arrangement of these nodes and inks in the network is called the topology. The following topologies are most commonly used:

Hierarchical network: The corporate host the computer, divisional minicomputers and the support for the workgroup. This topology matches the structure of the organization of many companies and is still repeatedly used in WANs. The workstations may be connected by using one of the topologies of LAN.

Star network: In this network, the hub computer connects the large number of workstations. The computer at the hub acts like the server on network, given the access to the shared database and the software. The star network is easy to control and expand. The central node is the locus of vulnerability.

Ring network: Every node in the ring network is connecting two of its neighbor. The nodes are generally closed to every other node. This is used in LANs. If the node fails, the ring does not work.

Bus network: The nodes on this network are connected to the ordinary link. This is used in LANs. The failing device does not affect the rest of the network.

OSI model: The ISO has developed the OSI model to understand the globalization of the telecommunications. The open system provides the open field to the wide array of the competing vendors that advantageous to the users to make sure that they are locked in to the closed framework of the manufacturer.

Layer and its functions:

Physical layer: This layer gives the access to the telecommunications medium and makes sure the transmission of the bit stream on it.

Data link layer: This layer ensures the error-free frames transmission of data on the network link.

Network layer: This layer routes the messages form source to the destination by choosing the appropriate link.

Transport layer: This will provides the consistent end-to –end connection within two communicating nodes. This layer is break down when packet switching is used.

Session layer: This layer create, controls and terminates the connection within two applications running on communication nodes

Presentation layer: This layer gives the important conversions of the character that is being sent. The issue requests for creating and finishing the session to the session layer.

Application layer: This layer gives the services to communicating the application programs and makes sure the reliability of the remote databases.

Telephone networks and computer networks

The telephone network becomes obsolete in the future. The telephone network is replaced by the computer networks. The computer network is having high speed, increased efficiency and easily access by the users. So the computer networks overcome all the disadvantages of the telephone networks people are moving toward the computer networks readily.

Various network media and how they are changing

Network media is the real path on which the electrical signal travels as it moves from one component to another. There are common types of network media involving twisted pair, coaxial cable, fiber optical cable and wireless.

Twisted pair cable: This is the type of cabling that is used for the telephone communication and most modern Ethernet networks.

UTP cable: UTP cable is the medium that is made of paired of wires. This cable is used in various networks. This cable is used in the wiring.

Fiber optical cable: This cable is used in the telecommunications or in the internet connection. There are two types of fiber-optic cable: multi mode fiber and single mode fiber.

The network media changes day by day. The telecommunication is navigated from twisted cable to fiber optic cable.

Differences among LANS, WANS, CANS, and MANS

LAN: LAN stands for local area network. LAN is made up of computers and peripherals that are in the similar location. This is completely owned by the users. The business that is small or medium in size with having no computers at distant branches are generally connected in the local area network. People who have more computers in home often connected with the LAN.

Advantages:

LAN can have good bandwidth

All the computers connected to the network can share the peripherals for example, faxes, scanners and printers.

LAN is connected through the router and ISP to the internet

WAN: WAN stands for wide area network. This is the network that usually connects the collection of the LANs. WANS are generally used by the large business by the governmental and educational enterprises. This network is controlled by the businesses that use them but this network is given by the outsider contractors.

Advantages:

WAN increased the efficiency

Simplicity in communication

Low costs

MAN: MAN stands for metropolitan area network. This network connects the computer in the network that is generally greater than LAN but smaller than the WAN. MAN connects the computer in the city but it connects the computers of the university. Not all of the computers require connecting to the network, but MAN will connect as the complete to the internet.

Advantages:

Increased efficiency

Having shared access

All the computers owning residents have the equal capability to go online.

Three ways in which businesses use Internet services and protocols

Most of the companies in today word depend on the internet and broadband services to market the business online to the customers all over the world, hosting on website and through telecommunication.

Virtual private network: VPN can be placed even if you are subscribing to the low-priced broadband package. Generally, user can access into the remote network via the protected tunnel when they are on the similar connection called the local area network. This can be truly convenient specially when you are not present in the office or are on the meeting with the customer because you can access into the server of the company, mail and files whenever you need it.

Voice over internet protocol: Like its name tells, VoIP is the service of communication available for free as long as you have the connection on the internet. This is the large saving method for both the micro and macro businesses. But you should have to memorize that only VoIP-to-VoIP calls are free of costs. For VoIP calls to any of the regular phone lines, you may require making the donation or you simply require paying the cost for the free call.

Online shopping and banking: This is very amazing as more people still do not use the connection on internet that they have their house to do shopping or banking online. You can keep costs of petrol, prevent from traffic jam and forget about the loss of parking spaces together using the internet. Apart from that, items that you buy on the internet are usually of low-cost and are more relaxed without all the tricky disruption of marketing.

References:

 

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