It is now recognized that all cancers involve genetic changes, even though few are hereditary. An early example was the discoveryHuman Computer Interaction of a Philadelphia chromosome (terminal deletion of chromosome 22) in leucocytes from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (MIM*608232). Later work demonstrated that the deleted material was in fact translocated to the terminus of chromosome 9, being an example of a balanced translocation between 9 and 22. Of the following results, which would be the most diagnostic of the 9;22 translocation in chronic myeloid leukemia?

a. All chromosome 22 genes show increased incorporation of labeled acetate into histones of chromatin regions.

b. A particular gene near the terminus of chromosome 22 shows altered DNA restriction endonuclease patterns.

c. The pattern of small RNA “decoration” along leukemic chromatin is changed.

d. Increased transcription of mRNA from genes near the terminus for chromosome 9.

e. Decreased transcription of mRNA from all loci on the chromosome 22 long arm.

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