Support and Empowerment of Older People

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WORKBOOK 4
Support and Empowerment of Older People

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INSTRUCTIONS

The questions in this workbook are divided into two (2) categories: Knowledge Assessment and Case Study.

The questions under Knowledge Assessments are all in a short answer format. The longer questions requiring creative and analytical thought processes are covered in the Case Study. You must answer all questions using your own words. However, you may reference your Learner Guide and other relevant resources and learning materials to complete this assessment.

Some questions cover processes you would likely encounter in a workplace. Ideally, you should be able to answer these questions based on the processes that are currently in place in your workplace. However, if you do not currently have access to a workplace, then answer the questions based on processes that should be implemented in a typical workplace setting.

CHCCCS011 – Meet individual support needs

CHCAGE001 – Facilitate empowerment of older people

CHCAGE005 – Provide support to people living with dementia

KNOWLED

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GE ASSESSMET

Part 1: Meeting individual support needs

1. Which of the following are different contexts for providing individual support relevant to aged care?

Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

	a. Adult education
	b. Residential aged care
	c. People coming from different cultural and social backgrounds
	d. Home and community care
	e. Community care

2. The following statements are potential impacts on the way individual support services are provided to clients.

In the space provided, write T if the statement is True and F if it is False.

a. The client will become too dependent on the individual support worker if independence is not supported.

b. Clients will gradually withdraw from society, family, and friends if not encouraged and supported to develop and maintain social networks.

c. The client may feel humiliated and disempowered as they could no longer perform basic tasks without the help of the individual support worker if their rights of choice, privacy, and dignity are not upheld.

d. Clients can be empowered through informed decision-making and support as per their care plan.

needs, such as culture (the belief that family should only care for family members), then lack of understanding may lead to the feelings of shame and embarrassment.

e. If clients and family members are not respected for their individualised

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3. Individual support workers may take different roles in the aged care setting. Which of the following are examples of these roles?

Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

Registered nurse
Personal care assistant
Medical laboratory assistant
Assistant in nursing
Home care worker
Residential care officer

4. Which of the following are responsibilities of individual support workers?

Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

	a. Diagnose medical and psychological conditions of clients.
	b. Follow work health and safety policy and procedures.
	c. Prescribe and give medication and injection.
	d. Facilitate clients’ healthy meal preparation and choice.
	e. Help clients with personal care such as eating and showering.
	f. Trim the clients’ fingernails.
	g. Follow the individualised plan and report clients changes in preference and condition.

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5. The following statements refer to concepts of enablement and re-enablement.

On the space provided, write E if the statement refers to a concept of enablement and R if the statement refers to a concept of re-enablement.

	a. It involves ‘doing with’ rather than ‘doing for’ the person to develop and promote autonomy and independence.
	b. It focuses more on restoring independent functioning rather than resolving health care issues.
	c. The more you do for a person, the more you deprive them of their autonomy and independence.
	d. It focuses on what support the person needs to achieve their goals.
	e. It involves learning and relearning the skills necessary for daily living.
6. Individual support workers must follow relevant legal and ethical requirements for privacy, confidentiality, and disclosure. Which of the following scenarios demonstrate compliance with these requirements? Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

a. Client information and records are kept safe and not left unattended for anyone to see.

b. Privacy, confidentiality, and disclosure are included in the organisation’s policies and procedures.

c. Individual support worker tells their colleagues about an embarrassing thing a client just did.

d. Client information and records may be disclosed if the client has consented and or it is required or authorised by law.

e. Individual support worker ignores their clients when they display difficult or uncooperative behaviour.

information and records are protected against misuse, loss, unauthorised access, modification or disclosure.

f. All individual support workers must take reasonable steps to ensure client

g. Individual support worker imitates the grumpy behaviours of their clients to let them know how it feels without reprimanding them.

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7. Individual support workers have the duty of care to perform in the organisation and individual practice. Which of the following scenarios demonstrate this? Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

	a. Individual support workers must strive to do as much of the activities for their clients as possible, to prevent accidents.
	b. Individual support workers follow organisational procedures for reporting breaches to the duty of care.
	c. Breaches of the duty of care are reported only internally within the organisation and never externally to protect client’s privacy.
	d. Individual support workers comply with relevant standards outlined in the Aged Care Act 1997 and Quality of Care Principles at all times.
	e. Organisational policies and procedures are based on the duty of care of individual support workers.
	f. Individual support workers prioritise what the client wants more than the legal requirements and procedures.
	g. Individual support workers are held accountable for the services they provide and face the consequences and sanctions if they fail to meet their duty of care.

8. Individual support workers must follow legal and ethical requirements for work health and safety including manual handling. Which of the following scenarios demonstrate this?

Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

a. All personnel in the residential care and home care settings have a duty of care about work health and safety to perform.

b. Individual support workers can push their clients to the limit, to encourage independence.

c. Residential and home care environments are inspected to check whether manual handling procedures and equipment are appropriate.

d. Individual support workers report hazards and risks only when they become an incident.

e. Individual support workers need not change anything in the client’s home environment – regardless of potential risk – because the client is used to it.

f. Legal requirements for work health and safety including manual handling are

incorporated into the organisation’s policy and procedures.

g. Individual support workers follow prescribed procedures for transferring people safely, which involves lifting, pushing, pulling, carrying, and holding.

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9. Which of the following are good practices of body hygiene, grooming, and oral hygiene when providing individual support and assisting clients?

Guidance: There are five (5) correct answers.

a. Use client’s personal toiletries and personal towel or bathrobe.

b. Cover nose and mouth with a tissue or hand when coughing or sneezing.

c. Regularly cut clients’ hair short.

d. Keep toenails and fingernails neatly trimmed and smooth to prevent injuries to the skin.

e. Use a mirror when shaving and clean and store razor and shaving items

after use.

f. Borrow others’ comb or brush.

g. Brush teeth at least twice a day, or as per the client’s care plan.

h. Wash, rinse, and dry each body part to prevent chilling and exposure and to maintain healthy skin.

10. The following are the different human body systems that carry out specific functions necessary for everyday living. Write the name of the systems in the spaces provided

	i. It helps eliminate waste products from the body. The system is composed of the kidneys, two ureters, the bladder, and the urethra.
	ii. It consists of glands that secrete hormones into the blood. These hormones travel to different tissues and regulate bodily functions such as metabolism, growth.
	iii. It is the body’s defence against viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens that may harm the body. It is composed of the lymph nodes, the spleen, bone marrow, and white blood cells.
	iv. The system sends signals to different parts of the body and is responsible for both voluntary action, such as walking and talking, and involuntary actions such as breathing.
	v. It aids in movement, blood flow, and other bodily functions.

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11. List two (2) risks to a client’s safety and security in relation to providing individual support. Provide one (1) strategy to minimise each risk you listed.

Complete the table below.

Risks to personal safety and security (List two (2) risks)	Strategy to minimise risk (Provide one (1) strategy for each risk you listed)

12. Write the correct name for the equipment, aids, and devices described by the features and functions listed below.

	i. It is designed to assist in transferring the person. Structure varies from equipment to equipment, but it typically uses hooks, slings, pads, and wheels to ensure the person is comfortably and safely transferred.
	ii. It is a device that has a microphone, amplifier, and a speaker. It is worn in or behind the ear, and it makes sounds louder to help the person listen and communicate better.
	iii. A mobile chair used for transporting a client in a sitting or upright position.
	iv. They are used to help manage bladder or bowel control problems. They include absorbent pads, brief, and pants, absorbent bed sheets and chair covers, and toileting aids.

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13. Which of the following show correct and safe use of wheelchairs?

Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

	a. Ensure there is adequate space when manoeuvring wheelchairs.
	b. Ensure that the brakes are on before the client sits in the wheelchair.
	c. Check and inspect wheelchair’s brakes, armrest, leg rest, and wheels before use.
	d. Ensure that user’s clothing, scarves, parts of the body, breathing and feeding tubes will not become entangled with the wheelchair.
	a. When using indoor wheelchairs, avoid loose stone, sand, or dirt paths.

14. Which of the following show correct and safe use of continence aids? Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

	a. Dispose of used pads appropriately.
	b. Wash the client’s skin afterwards with warm soapy water. Pat dry and apply a barrier cream to prevent irritation or as per care plan.
	c. Change absorbent pads frequently and as required.
	d. Flush used pads down the toilet.
	e. Leave clients alone in the toilet to accommodate their privacy.

15. Why is it important to adjust equipment and aids to the individual’s needs and preferences?

Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

a. So that family of client don’t spend too much on equipment and aids.

b. To help the client cope better with specific difficulties they encounter in

their environment to meet their individualised needs.

c. To ensure the client is comfortable at all times.

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	d. So that client will not feel embarrassed and humiliated.
	e. To ensure the client is safe from risks that may arise from providing personal care support.

16. Arnold Pileggi is an elderly man, and he is receiving personal care at his own home. You have been assigned to assist him with some of his activities for daily living (ADLs). These include grooming, toileting, and cooking.

Which of the following techniques can you use to assist him effectively?

Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

	a. Talk with Arnold about his preferences, as outlined in his personalised care plan.
	b. Follow all procedures by the book, even if they are not his preferences.
	c. Perform the grooming and cooking yourself so Arnold doesn’t overwork himself.
	d. Place things in Arnold’s reach to support his independence and autonomy.
	e. Introduce yourself to Arnold in a friendly manner.
	f. Adhere to workplace health and safety requirements (e.g. handwashing).
	g. Do not be friendly with Arnold, so he is not inclined to be dependent on you.

17. Infection control and prevention include proper hand hygiene. Which of the

following are situations that require you to perform hand hygiene?

Guidance: There are five (5) correct answers.

	a. After going to the toilet
	b. Upon waking
	c. Before touching a resident/client or their surroundings (e.g. bed linens, pillowcases)
	d. After a procedure or being exposed to body fluids (e.g. changing a drainage bag)
	e. After touching the resident’s/client’s surroundings (e.g. bed linens, pillowcases)

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	f. Once every hour
	g. Before handling food
	h. After sustaining first degree burns

18. Identify the correct sequence for the proper hand washing technique. In the space provided, write the numbers 1 to 6 under the corresponding picture.

19. Which of the following are correct procedures for infection prevention and control?

Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

a. Wear a mask at all times when supporting a client with their ADL.

b. Cover nose and mouth with a tissue or forearm when sneezing.

c. Clean spills promptly and dispose of contaminated materials correctly.

d. Individual support worker must cover cuts with waterproof Band-Aid to

maintain healthy skin.

e. Wear gloves if you forgot to wash your hands.

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20. List three (3) technologies typically used for reporting in residential and home and community care services.

1 2 3

Part 2: Facilitating the empowerment of older people

1. Which of the following statements accurately describe the structure and profile of the residential aged care sector?

Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

	a. There are two (2) types of care offered in residential aged care facilities: respite care and permanent care.
	b. Residential aged care primarily helps in rehabilitating the elderly back to the community.
	c. Residential aged care is for those elderly whose care needs can no longer be met within their own homes.
	d. Residential aged care provides care and services within a supported accommodation.
	e. Residential aged care is where the abandoned and problematic elderly are usually placed.
	f. Elderly who wish to be placed in the residential care will be assessed for client eligibility by an Aged Care Assessment Team/Service (ACAT).
	g. Residential aged care is for the elderly with behavioural problems.

2. Which of the following accurately describe the profile and structure of the home and community support sector?

Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

	a. There are two (2) main programs that deliver community-based care. These are Commonwealth Home Support Programme (CHSP) for help with daily tasks, and Home Care Packages Programme for more complex needs.
	b. The home and community services assist a client in staying at home longer.

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	c. The home and community services are designed to provide options for Consumer Direct Care (CDC) packages.
	d. Services under home and community support include individual support, domestic assistance, community access, and respite care.
	e. Home and community support services are for those who cannot afford residential aged care services.

3. Write the names of the agencies and referral networks for support services that

match the descriptions provided below.

	i. The peak body for service providers of retirement living, home care, and residential aged care.
	ii. The website has been established by the Australian Government to assist older people to find information about their rights and the aged care system.
	iii. The national peak body that represents Australia’s carers. They advocate on behalf of Australia’s carers to influence policies and services at a national level. They work to improve the health, well-being, resilience, and financial security of Australia’s carers.
	iv. The peak national body for palliative care in Australia, whose work is aligned with the National Palliative Care Strategy.
	v. They can assist in determining what kind of care will best suit the older person’s needs and eligibility to receive government- subsidised aged care services.
	vi. An online directory of residential aged care, home, and community care and similar services across Australia.
4. Below are realities and myths or stereotypical attitudes older people are facing today. Write RE if it is a reality and MS if it is a myth or stereotypical attitude. Write your answers in the spaces provided.

	a. Older people want and are still able to lead an active, satisfying sex life.
	b. Older people lose interests in physical relationships.

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	c. Mature aged workers are more likely to be discriminated because of age when they look for work.
	d. Older people find it hard to learn new things or change.
	e. Mature aged workers are less productive than younger workers.
	f. Older people are eager to continue learning.
	g. Older people like to be alone and tend to withdraw from society.

5. Which of the following statements are true about the impact of social devaluation on

an older adult’s quality of life?

Guidance: There are two (2) correct answers.

	a. Social devaluation puts the elderly at risk for abuse and neglect.
	b. Older adults are led to believe that they are truly worthless and that they can no longer be as useful to the community.
	c. Social devaluation encourages elder people to lead a positive, healthy, and active lifestyle.
	d. Social devaluation helps government think of reforms to the aged care sector.

6. Which of the following statements accurately describe concepts of positive, active, and healthy ageing? There are four (4) correct answers.

a. Positive, healthy, and active ageing is all about enabling older people to take an active part in society and enjoy high-quality life.

b. Healthy ageing is doing as little activity as possible, preventing injuries.

c. Active ageing includes maximising opportunities for health, participation, and security in enhancing the quality of life as people age.

d. Healthy ageing is about optimising opportunities for physical, social, and mental health.

e. Positive ageing is maintaining a positive attitude, feeling good about one’s

self, staying fit and healthy as one age.

f. Healthy ageing means being able to afford expensive health care services.

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7. The following are implications of different service delivery approaches and practices in the aged care sector.

Select the service delivery/approach that is described by the different implications listed below.

	i. It addresses the person’s pain, physical, cultural, psychological, social, and spiritual needs.
	ii. It gives more choice and flexibility to clients. Clients will have more control over the types and care and services they access and the delivery of those services including who delivers the services and when.
	iii. It places the client at the centre of their care and care planning and meeting their individualised needs. It aims to see the elderly as an individual rather than someone who is incapable. It is also about treating them with dignity and respect.
	iv. It promotes older people’s dignity and self-worth through developing their autonomy and independence.
	v. Elderly people feel deprived of authority and control over their own lives when they are given individual support and assistance to complete even the simplest day-to-day tasks.
	vi. It improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing the problems associated with life-threatening illness. It prevents and relieves suffering through early identification, assessment, and treatment of pain and other problems, whether they are physical, psychosocial, or spiritual.

8. Which of the following are appropriate strategies for re-enablement of older people?

Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

	a. Do tasks and activities together with the older person while maintaining independence as per the care plan.
	b. Demonstrating how a particular task is done to an older person.
	c. Talking with the client about their preferences and supporting them as per their care plan.
	d. Point out what the person is doing wrong, so he or she can do it correctly next time.
	e. Complete tasks yourself that the person cannot do.
	f. Celebrate accomplishments and motivate the person.
	g. Discuss and agree on goals with the older person.

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9. The following statements are about the ageing process. Write T if the statement is True and F if it is False.

	a. The ageing process is about losing your memory and developing health conditions.
	b. The ageing process involves all physical, psychological and social changes in a person’s life.
	c. The decrease in stamina and strength brought by ageing will mostly depend on the person’s health choices.
	d. People can cope better with the ageing process through healthy lifestyle choices.
	e. Grey hairs are always a sign of ageing.

10. Below are physiological and psychological changes brought by the ageing process.

Write PHY if the change is Physiological, and PSY if the change is Psychological.

a. Struggle with anxieties towards uncertainty and pre-mortality.

b. Feelings of guilt, low self-esteem, and anxiety causing and stemming from erectile dysfunction in men.

c. Hair will gradually thin on the scalp, pubic area, and armpits.

d. The heart becomes less efficient as it ages and there is a gradual decrease in energy or endurance.

e. Metabolism usually slows down as the body needs less energy.

f. Elder women tend to have less vaginal lubrication affecting her ability to enjoy sex.

g. Loss and grief because friends start to pass away.

h. Loss of independence due to decreased abilities.

i. Loss of social contact (isolation) due to decreased community access

abilities.

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11. List three (3) strategies that older people can adopt for healthy lifestyle practices.

b. c.

12. Match the following legal and ethical considerations for working with older people to their correct descriptions.

i. It means respecting the person’s autonomy and independence and allowing them to make choices for themselves.

ii. These provide practical guidance to achieving health,

safety, and welfare standards when working with older people.

iii. This is the legal obligation of aged care workers in ensuring their clients’ and colleagues’ health, safety, and welfare.

iv. These are the basic privileges of all human beings no matter what their race, religion, nationality, sex, or status.

v. These are concerned with protecting one’s personal information and self from being pried by others.

vi. It is the unjust treatment of older people and other persons based on their race, age, and sex.

vii. It is the practice of ensuring and protecting the safety,

health, and welfare of clients and employees in the aged care setting.

13. The following are responsibilities and limitations of the aged care worker’s role. Write R if it is a Responsibility and L if it is a Limitation.

	a. Share matters about one’s personal lives to clients during work hours.
	b. Treat clients with dignity and respect.
	c. Develop and maintain clients’ trust and confidence.
	d. Engage in a non-professional relationship with clients.
	e. Do all the work for their clients.

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PH if it is an indicator of physical abuse or neglect;
SE if it is an indicator of sexual abuse;
PS if it is an indicator of psychological abuse/neglect; and FI if it is an indicator of financial abuse/neglect.

14. Below are indicators of abuse and neglect. Write:

	a. Broken eyeglasses or frames
	b. Witnessing another caregiver belittling or threatening a client
	c. Bruises around breast or genitals
	d. Unexplained vaginal or anal bleeding
	e. Items or cash missing from the person’s household
	f. Childlike behaviours such as rocking, thumb sucking, or mumbling to oneself
	g. A person is being left dirty or unbathed
	h. Unpaid bills or lack of medical care, even though the person has enough money to pay for them

Which of the following are true about compulsory reporting for potential abuse situations? Guidance: There are five (5) correct answers.

a. An approved care provider is required to make a report to the Department

of Social Services about any suspicion or allegation of assault.

b. The Department of Social Services must be informed within seventy-two (72) hours about an unexplained absence of a resident.

c. A report must be made by the approved care provider if they start to suspect, on reasonable grounds, that a reportable assault might have occurred.

d. Reports must be made to both the police and the Department of Social Services within 24 hours of an allegation being made.

e. A staff member is required to report only to the Department of Social

Services to protect the privacy and dignity of clients.

f. A reportable assault means unreasonable force on a residence, including deliberate and violent attacks on residents.

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g. Reporting requirements for potential abuse or neglect on the elderly are outlined in the Aged Care Act 1997.

15. Briefly describe the implications of re-enablement strategies in the care sector.

16. Briefly describe the implications of enablement strategies in the care sector.

Part 3: Providing support to people living with dementia

1. The following are descriptions of the different type of dementia. Write the type of dementia that best matches each of the descriptions provided below.

a. This is a progressive disorder of the nervous system affecting movement. It involves the malfunction and death of nerve cells in the brain. Its symptoms continue and worsen over time.

b. This results from the abnormal formation of proteins inside nerve cells. Symptoms include impaired thinking, loss of memory, or the ability to understand visual information.

c. This is a decline in thinking caused by inadequate blood flow, depriving the brain cells of oxygen and nutrients.

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d. A group of progressive dementias that result from the deterioration of brain cells which control behaviour, thinking, and communication.

e. This is the most common form of dementia. It causes problems with memory, thinking, and behaviour. Symptoms usually develop slowly and get worse over time.

f. It is most commonly caused by excessive alcohol consumption but can also be caused by AIDS and poor nutrition.

g. This term is used to refer to any form of dementia diagnosed in people under the age of sixty-five (65).

h. This is a progressive brain disorder that causes uncontrolled movements, emotional problems, and loss of thinking ability.

2. The following are the three (3) features that contribute to the development of dementia. Match each feature to its correct description.

a. Amyloid plaques
b. Neurofibrillary tangles
c. Loss of connection between cells and cell death

Write the letters of your answers in the spaces provided. You may use the choices more than once.

large deposits of a protein called beta-amyloid, together with other proteins, remnants of neurons, non-nerve cells.

i. These are found in the spaces between the brain’s nerve cells. They consist of

ii. Can be brought about by habits like unhealthy consumption of alcohol and is related to the causes of alcohol-related dementia.

iii. This is the gradual loss of links between neurons, causing damages to the neurons to the point that they cannot function properly anymore.

iv. These are abnormal collections of twisted protein threads found inside the nerve cells. These structures are mostly composed of a protein called tau.

v. Can be brought about by habits like smoking and is related to the causes of vascular dementia.

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3. Which of the following are common symptoms of dementia? There are seven (7) correct answers.

	a. Thinning hair
	b. Inappropriate behaviour
	c. Impaired judgement
	d. Mood swings
	e. Memory loss
	f. Suicidal tendencies
	g. Hallucinations, paranoia, and agitation
	h. Difficulties with abstract thinking
	i. Gait, motor, and balance problems
	j. Loss of communication skills

4. Which of the following are common indicators of dementia?

Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

	a. Becoming lost or disoriented in familiar places
	b. Neglecting personal safety, hygiene, and nutrition
	c. Repeatedly asking the same questions
	d. Compulsive lying
	e. Loss of appetite

5. Which of the following are behaviours of concern for people living with dementia?

Guidance: There are seven (7) correct answers.

	a. Physical aggression
	b. Verbal disruption
	c. Social withdrawal

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	d. Complaints about muscle and joint pain
	e. Hoarding
	f. Inappropriate crying or laughing
	g. Alcohol and substance abuse
	h. Sexually inappropriate behaviour
	i. Resisting personal care

6. The following statements are about the Needs Driven Behaviour Model as a theory behind behaviours of concern for people living with dementia.

Write T if the statement is True and F if the statement is False.

	a. Losing the ability to express needs verbally causes the person to ‘communicate’ through behaviour.
	b. The needs-driven behaviour model states that behaviours of concern are a result of one or more unmet needs.
	c. Need-driven behaviours motivate and encourage people to be more productive.
	d. Need-driven behaviours include those behaviours that are difficult, disturbing, disruptive, and problematic.
	e. Need-driven behaviours may take many forms including sleep disturbances and resistance to personal care.

7. Which of the following are ways of addressing behaviours of concern?

Select all that apply.

Guidance: There are five (5) correct answers.

	a. Validating the person living with dementia by accepting their values, beliefs, and reality.
	b. Use force when the person with dementia resists personal care.

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	c. Promoting a dementia-friendly environment which compensates for the disability, maximises independence, and is self-orienting.
	d. Using verbal and non-verbal ways of reassuring.
	e. Insist and correct wrong beliefs about people living with dementia.
	f. Supporting the client to meet their unmet need as per their care plan.
	g. Reporting concerns to your supervisor.

8. Daisy Hagopian, a resident at an aged care facility, is living with dementia. She keeps telling her individual support worker that she wants to visit her brother. Daisy’s brother died fifteen years ago.

“I want to wear my blue dress and go visit my brother next door,” Daisy tells her individual support worker.
Which of the following are appropriate responses to Daisy’s request?
Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

	a. Bring Daisy next door and prove to her that her brother is not there.
	b. “Your brother died fifteen years ago, Daisy! Don’t you remember?”
	c. “You really miss your brother, don’t you? Tell me more about him.”
	d. Ignore Daisy.
	e. Reprimand Daisy for worrying over nothing.
	f. “I don’t think he’s there today. We can try again tomorrow. Can I help you with something else till then?”
	g. Support Daisy to participate in a meaningful activity

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recently been diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease. He is living with his wife, Carla. Their kids, Joey and Al, both have families of their own.

How will the disease affect Tony’s family? Guidance: There are five (5) correct answers.

9. Tony Aldini is an Italian immigrant in Australia. He is 66-years-old and has just

a. Carla will want to file a divorce.

b. Tony will try his best to fix his relationship with his wife, kids, and grandkids.

c. Carla may need to reduce working hours or resign due to the carer role. There will be a financial burden on the family as they face expenses for Tony’s ongoing medical treatment, medication, and other expenses.

d. The family will grieve as Tony’s condition deteriorates further.

e. Tony’s family might feel embarrassed if Tony behaves inappropriately in public.

f. The family will be isolated from the community.

g. Carla may reduce social activities because of her carer role and feel isolated.

h. Carla’s health and well-being may deteriorate if her caring role becomes demanding.

10. Which of the following are principles of a person-centred approach to supporting

people living with dementia?

Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

	a. It aims to see the person living with dementia as an individual.
	b. It is founded on the ethic that all human beings must be valued and are worthy of respect, no matter their disability.
	c. It focuses only on the treatment of the illness brought about by dementia.
	d. It sees the importance of controlling behaviours of people living with dementia that are negatively affecting their day-to-day functions and activities.
	e. It means treating people with dementia with dignity and respect.
	f. It considers the person’s unique qualities, abilities, interests, preferences and needs in planning what kind of support will be provided.

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11. Leroy Mulder illustrated children’s books for the past forty years. Since he was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, nothing was quite the same for him anymore.

How will this affect Leroy? Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

a. Leroy will become too dependent on his carer.

b. Leroy may become prone to depression as he cannot do the things he enjoys the most.

c. Leroy may lose confidence in himself, and he might see himself as a failure.

d. Leroy may develop steadier hands for drawing.

e. Leroy knows that his condition will worsen, therefore, he may feel angry and

eventually lose hope.

12. Which of the following are appropriate activities that can help Leroy build his confidence and self-esteem back? Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

	a. Taking medication to ease symptoms
	b. Interacting with others and socialising
	c. Exercising and physical activities
	d. Forum and lecture about building self-esteem and confidence
	e. Craft and creative activities

13. Which of the following are ways to ensure activities are pleasurable and effectively minimise boredom for people living with dementia? Guidance: There are four (4) correct answers.

	a. Know the kinds of activity that will meet the person’s individual needs and preferences; their past lifestyle, likes, and dislikes.
	b. Reward the person if they do something correctly and correct him/her if they do not.
	c. Include a mix of familiar and new activities.
	d. Plan activities that are failure-free and maintain the ability, self-worth, and dignity.

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e. Encourage participation but do not force the person if they do not like the activity.

14. Access and review Katie Devaney’s care plan (If you do not have this please ask your trainer

Which of the following are activities that you think this client will enjoy most?

Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

	a. Visiting friends
	b. Arts and crafts activities
	c. Watching television alone
	d. Exercising and doing other physical activities
	e. Going to church on Sundays

15. Which of the following are activities that can be used to respond to symptoms of dementia, including behaviours of concern? There are five (5) correct answers.

	a. Alternative therapies such as bright light therapy, music therapy, and pet therapy
	b. Talking reassuringly about familiar and favourite topics
	c. Telling the person firmly they must behave because they are embarrassing themselves
	d. Meaningful recreational activities such as fishing, reading, sewing, and cooking
	e. Exercise and physical activities such as walking and dancing
	f. Supporting the client to meet their individualised needs

16. Elderly people, including those living with dementia, oftentimes feel less valued by society. Some are even abused and neglected. Which of the following are ways that can help address this? Guidance: There are five (5) correct answers.

a. Help them remain independent in their own homes with the use of equipment and/or assistive technology.

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	b. Promote their independence in performing day-to-day activities and assist whenever necessary.
	c. Support them in maintaining their personal identity by letting them do activities they are familiar with and confident in.
	d. Correct their wrong beliefs and misconceptions.
	e. Confine them in a facility away from society.
	f. Develop and help maintain their skills in doing household tasks, so they don’t feel helpless and depend too much on others.
	g. Help maintain the person’s physical and social image through grooming, proper hygiene, and maintaining positive relationships with their loved ones.

17. The following are descriptions of different communication strategies you can use in providing support to people living with dementia. Match the descriptions to the corresponding strategies.

i. It is accepting the values, beliefs, and reality of the person with dementia, even if they have no perceived basis in reality.

ii. It is the capacity to understand or feel what the person living with dementia is experiencing.

iii. It is coming into terms, accepting, and adjusting to the living conditions of a person living with dementia.

iv. It is presenting information and reminders about time, place, occasions, and relationships in order to help the person living with dementia understand their surroundings and situation.

v. This may come in the form of showing respect and giving the

person living with dementia space and time to manage their own behaviour when they display behaviours of concern.

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with her morning bath. While transporting her back to her room in a wheelchair, she suddenly turns to you and looks at you suspiciously. She starts to worry and accuse you of kidnapping her, and she refuses to go with you anywhere.

Which of the following are appropriate responses to the situation?

Guidance: There are three (3) correct answers.

18. Ramona Mitchells is an elderly living with dementia. You just finished assisting her

	a. Allow Ramona to express her distress and worry.
	b. Stop any interaction and give Ramona space to calm down.
	c. Offer verbal reassurance by speaking in a slow and low tone.
	d. Immediately take Ramona to her room where she can feel safe.
	e. Insist that you are not kidnapping her.

19. How does frequent reminiscing help you connect and relate better to a person living with dementia?

Guidance: There are five (5) correct answers.

	a. People living with dementia find it more comfortable and enjoyable to talk about earlier memories they have.
	b. Reminiscing about more familiar memories help people living with dementia feel that they are not alone.
	c. You help them reconnect with the best moments of their lives.
	d. Recalling old memories help stop the progression of dementia.
	e. Reminiscing about their memories help restore their sense of self and identity.
	f. Helps you to get to know the person better when learning about the things they value.

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them online.

Alzheimer’s Disease
Vascular Dementia
Lewy Bodies
Korsakoff Syndrome
Fronto Temporal Lobar Degeneration (FLTD), including Pick’s disease
Huntington’s disease
Parkinson’s disease
Younger onset dementia

For each form of dementia listed above, research: The Current prevention or treatment options.

Complete the Research Template below to document the information you find. Further guidance is provided for you within the template.

20. Update yourself on the different forms of dementia listed below by researching about

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Researching on Dementia

Guidance for completing this template

Title of article:

Date of publication:

Provide the specific link to the webpage where you found the information, example:

www.dementiaresearch.com.au/alzheimers-disease- research-2016

Link to the webpage where you found the information:

Summary of content found:

Guidance:

 Do not copy-paste information online.

 Inyourownwords,writeasummaryofthecontentyoufound.Thesummarymust be between 100 – 150 words and must include at least one (1) of the following:

Current prevention or treatment options; or
Information about current research being done; or
Significant findings of current research.

Title of article:

Alzheimer’s Disease

Date of publication:

Link to the webpage where you found the information:

Summary of content found:

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Vascular Dementia or Multi-infarct Dementia
Title of article:
Date of publication:
Link to the webpage where you found the information:
Summary of content found:

Lewy Bodies
Title of article:
Date of publication:
Link to the webpage where you found the information:
Summary of content found:

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Korsakoff Syndrome
Title of article:
Date of publication:
Link to the webpage where you found the information:
Summary of content found:

Fronto temporal lobar degeneration (FLTD) including Pick’s disease
Title of article:
Date of publication:
Link to the webpage where you found the information:
Summary of content found:

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Huntington’s Disease
Title of article:
Date of publication:
Link to the webpage where you found the information:
Summary of content found:

Parkinson’s Disease
Title of article:
Date of publication:
Link to the webpage where you found the information:
Summary of content found:

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Younger Onset Dementia
Title of article:
Date of publication:
Link to the webpage where you found the information:
Summary of content found:

21. Describe the features of the different phases of dementia by listing signs and symptoms typically observed in each stage. List at least three (3) of these signs and symptoms for each stage.

Early Dementia

1. 2. 3.

Moderate Dementia

2. 3.

Advanced Dementia

1. 2. 3.

CASE STUDY

Instructions to Assessor

This assessment supports the industry requirement of supporting and empowering older people in the aged care setting. In real life, individual support workers in both the residential care and home and community care settings will be required to meet personal needs of their clients, facilitate their empowerment, and provide support to people living with dementia, as well as encounter problems and issues along the way. This assessment will demonstrate the candidate’s problem-solving abilities in such situations.

Instructions to Candidate

These case studies are hypothetical situations which will not require you to have access to a workplace, although your past and present workplace experiences may help with the responses you provide. You will be expected to encounter similar situations to these in the future as you work in the residential care and home and community care settings.

In real life, individual support workers in both the residential care and home and community care settings will be required to meet personal needs of their clients, facilitate their empowerment, and provide support to people living with dementia, as well as encounter problems and issues along the way. This assessment will allow you to demonstrate your problem-solving skills in such situations.

Introduction to Case Study

For this part of the assessment, you will be taking the role of an individual support worker at the Residential Care of Lotus Compassionate Care.

Lotus Compassionate Care is an organisation that provides services in disability support, home and community support, and residential care.
As per your role as an individual support worker, you directly report to Rachel Allcot, the Manager at Residential Care.

This assessment contains a number of tasks that you need to complete based on the given scenarios. You are required to complete ALL tasks included in this case study.

To complete these tasks, you will need to access and review the following documents:

1. Mr White

Mr Thomas White is a 75-year-old resident at Lotus Compassionate Care, staying in Room 3-1C. He has been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease and has been having arthritis flares. He requires support from others in meeting his personal care needs.

When you arrived this morning, you introduced yourself and explained why you were there.

“Good morning, Mr White. How are you this morning?” you greeted Mr White.

“Look. I am so clumsy; I spilt water on my pants,” he said as he pointed to his trousers. As he was saying this, you just listened and reassured him.

While you were assisting him with his shower, he kept telling you in a loud voice, “Stop fussing over me!”

Then he threw the washer on the shower floor.
“Are you okay Mr White?” you asked him.
“My hip is sore. This arthritis!” he responded irritably. You reassured him.

Mr White had always been pleasant towards you. He always spoke in a calm manner and was always polite. However, he is not quite himself today, and he took longer than usual to finish his shower this morning.

Friday, 25th November 2016, 07:00 PM

1. You have finished assisting Mr White with his morning routine. As you got out of his room, Isabelle, a colleague of yours, greeted you and said:

“I can’t help but overhear you and Mr My-Hip-is-Sore. Complaining again, huh? I bet he’s just making that up to get more attention.”

What would be the appropriate response to Isabelle?

Guidance: Select the two (2) best answers.

a. “I should report you to our supervisor.”

b. Disagree with Isabelle and defend Mr White’s condition. Warn Isabelle that if she does not stop with her mean comments about Mr White, you will report her for verbal abuse.

2. Write a Progress Report (composed of 50 – 150 words) on Mr White based

on the given scenario. Ensure that you follow Lotus Compassionate Care’s Policy and Procedures for Progress Reporting.
Requirements for storing information:

 You must write your Progress Report using template below
Write the information for filing at the end of your Progress report

 The document must be filed and submitted on the same day it was logged.

PROGRESS REPORT

c. d. e.

Agree with Isabelle to avoid further discussion. If she comments rudely about Mr White again, report her to your supervisor.

Explain to Isabelle that Mr White has said he has arthritis pain, and it is our responsibility to report this to the supervisor.

“Mr White has a right to express his needs, and we have a legal responsibility to assist him to meet these needs.”

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White.

Your email must include:

 Behaviour/s of concern observed from Mr White.
 Potential triggers of identified behaviour/s of concern.
 Recommendation how to minimise or eliminate the identified trigger/s.Guidance: Identify changes in Mr White’s physical health or individual support requirements that may be contributing to the triggers of observed behaviour/s of concern.
Write your email with other pertinent details in the spaces provided.

Note: The objective of this task is to demonstrate your ability to contribute to discussions on support planning for patients demonstrating behaviours of concern. Share your ideas using the email template provided; you do not need to send an actual email.

3. Write an email to Rachel Allcot, your supervisor, detailing your observations on Mr

To	Rachel Allcot <[email protected]>
From
Subject
Message

2. Katie Devaney

Katie is a resident of Lotus Compassionate Care. Throughout her adult life, she has been involved in the local volunteers’ association and different fundraising activities. She always enjoyed talking with people.

Katie has diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease some years ago. This is the reason why she moved to Lotus Compassionate Care.

Katie is very social and enjoys doing different activities where she can maintain friendships and socialise with other residents at Lotus. These activities are very important to her. However, she sometimes forgets when they are planned to take place.

Access and review over Katie’s Care Plan (ask your trainer if you do not have this care plan) and answer the following questions.

1. Review Katie’s care plan. Briefly describe your role in the following aspects of her care and support needs:

a) Cultural and spiritual needs
b) Social and recreation needs
c) Personal hygiene needs
d) Sensory needs
e) Nutrition and hydration needs

2. List all the relevant equipment, processes and aids that are required to help Katie achieve the goals outlined in her care plan.

3. Identify two (2) situations where you cannot provide support, and where you will need the help of other personnel instead and identify the personnel who can assist with each situation. Complete the table below.

Situations or scenarios that are outside of

your own role

(You must list three (3))

Who can help?

1.
2.
3.

3. Ruth’s Kosher Diet

Ruth is a very religious woman of the Jewish faith and lives at home with her family. She was a keen cook and followed her faith’s rules on food preparation and presentation. She strictly followed the Kosher dietary rules and regulations. Ruth has been diagnosed with LBD and is not able to prepare her own food. She can feed herself if the larger items are cut into smaller bite-sized proportions. When applying for a bed in residential care, Ruth and her family were told that the facility had employed a Kosher trained chef who would be able to provide for all her requirements.

A few months after moving in, the chef left the facility and Ruth was advised that he had left all the documentation needed for the temporary chef to follow until a new Kosher trained chef was employed.

At first, Ruth did not notice any changes in her diet, but in the last couple of days, there have been instances of her receiving incorrect meals. The presentation of a meal had a milky sauce on her meat and a glass of milk placed on her table with her meal. One night, she was given a dish which contained prawns.

Ruth has overheard staff making remarks such as, “Here she goes again”, “Take the milk off my table” and “Boy! Talk about ungrateful; fresh prawns and she doesn’t want them.”You have often cared for Ruth and have shown an interest in her religion by listening to her explain the Kosher rules and regulations. You know that people of the Jewish faith may eat certain types of meat, such as cattle and lamb, but not pig and prawns. It is also strictly forbidden to have meat and milk combined in a dish and that the two must not be eaten at the same time.

Ruth has decided to lodge a complaint and asked you for advice. She feels the reason she and her family decided she stay at the facility was the promise of helping her cope with her condition while being able to enjoy her spirituality. To complete the succeeding tasks, read the Lotus Compassionate Care Handbook. Your trainer will provide you with this booklet.

1. Access and review the Universal Declaration of Human Rights from the internet. Which human right was breached in the case study scenario?

	a. Article 12
	b. Article 16
	c. Article 11
	d. Article 4
	e. Article 25

Charter of Care Recipients’ Rights and Responsibilities – Home Care

Charter of Care Recipients’ Rights and Responsibilities – Residential Care

List two (2) rights of the client that were breached in the scenario.

Access and review the following resources:(Ask your trainer for these)

1 2

2. Does the scenario provided above show Ruth is abused and or neglected?

Explain your reasoning in 25 – 100 words.
If your answer is yes, specify whether it is financial, physical, or emotionalabuse/neglect.

a. b. c. d.

report and convey concerns to your supervisor.

Send an email to Rachel Allcot, detailing Ruth’s concern. Write your email in the space provided below. Specifically, your email must:

Be objective, factual, accurate, and in logical order.
Identify the human right that was breached (from Question 1). Identify the rights of the client that were breached (from Question 2). Include evidence of abuse/neglect if your answer to Question 3 is yes.

Note: Although reporting is typically done verbally, the main objective of this task is to demonstrate your ability to identify breaches of human rights and identify the relevant details that need to be reported your supervisor. To document this, use the email template provided below; you do not need to send an actual email.

3. According to Lotus Compassionate Care Policy and Procedures, you are required to

To	Rachel Allcot <[email protected]>
From
Subject
Message

4. You already verbally explained the rights and the Lotus Compassionate Care Complaints Procedures to Ruth, and she has requested you to write this information down for her.

In the space provided, write a letter to Ruth outlining the following information:

Her rights in the situation
How to lodge a complaint
Information about the Aged Care Complaints Scheme (ACCS) so Ruth is able todecide between making an internal or external complaint. This must include:  What the ACCS is
 How it works
 How it can be accessed
How her complaint will be handled

Guidance: Ensure that your letter can easily be understood by Ruth.

5. Ruth and her family asked you about other support services you can refer to them. Identify two (2) support services and provide links to their websites below.

1 2

Scheme (ACCS). She has asked for your assistance to navigate around the www.agedcarecomplaints.gov.au website, so she can file her complaint online.

Locate the website and list the steps to lodge a complaint,

Note: You are not to lodge an actual complaint on the website!

6. Suppose Ruth wanted to lodge a complaint through the Aged Care Complaints

Practical Assessments
Assisting a person in & out of a car – observation Checklist

Assessor name: …………………………………………………………………………………………………… Dates of assessment:…………………………………………………………………………………………….

Did the candidate perform the following skills?

Yes No

1. Access and read the client’s care plan, preference form and any other documentation your facility has to determine the care required for your client

2. Communicate with client and determine client’s ability to perform the transfer and the amount of assistance required

3. Complete a risk assessment of the environment and decide if the transfer is Red, Amber or Green and decide on the most appropriate transfer

Make the most reasonable transfer / support decision based on their risk assessment
Use PPE as appropriate
Prepare the environment for transfer
Communicates with the client regarding the stages of the transfer
Stops the transfer if it becomes hazardous
Completes the transfer
Documents as per policies and procedures

Thecandidate’sperformancewas: Notsatisfactory Satisfactory Feedback to candidate:

Assessor signature:…………………………………………………………….Date: ……………………….. Candidate signature: …………………………………………………………..Date: ………………………..

WORKBOO

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Comments

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FA Falls Recovery – observation Checklist HJHFJFHJHGHGJFGFALLS RE

Did the candidate perform the following skills?

Reassured client using appropriate communication strategies. Determined degree of assistance needed for the transfer
Complete a risk assessment of the environment and the client. Is the move safe? The transfer MUST not occur until the client and/ or environment has been assessed by a Registered Nurse and recommendations made

□

□ □

□

Assessor Name: …………………………………………………………………………….. Dates of Assessment:………………………………………….

3. Make the most reasonable transfer / support decision based on the risk assessment and communicate this to the client

Locate the correct hoist and sling and check they are both in good working order- including the battery.
Prepare transfer surface, e.g. wheelchair or bed. Have this close to the client, but do not let it become a trip hazard

Use PPE as required
Maintain client’s dignity
Prepare the area for transfer. Move any trip hazards, clear up any fluids

9. Prepare the client for transfer. Ensure their shoes are nearby as well as any clothing required

Remove the hoist, leaving it a safe distance so it is not a trip hazard
Ensure the client is safe and comfortable
Documentation of all care provided as per facility policies/procedures

The candidate’s performance was: Not satisfactory  Satisfactory  Feedback to candidate:

Assessor signature: …………………………………………………………… Date: …………………. Candidate signature:………………………………………………………….. Date: ………………….

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1st Attempt

2nd Attempt

 KCHECKLIST

When you have completed assessing the assessment workbook, review the candidate’s submission against the checklist below:

 The candidate has completed all the assessments in the workbook and has submitted all of the required evidence:

 Knowledge Assessment
 Part 1 – Meeting individual support needs
 Part 2 – Empowering older people
 Part 3 – Supporting people living with dementia
 Case Study
 1. Mr White
 2. Katie Devaney
 3. Ruth’s Kosher Diet
 Project Assessment  I. Project Part 1
 II. Project Part 2

IMPORTANT REMINDER

Candidates must achieve a satisfactory result to ALL assessment tasks to be awarded COMPETENT for the units relevant to this cluster.

To award the candidate competent in the units relevant to this subject, the candidate must successfully complete all the requirements listed above according to the prescribed benchmarks.

End of Document

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