Question 1 1 pts

Which of the following terms refers to excellent knowledge about the content of a specific discipline?

Expert knowledge

Pedagogical content knowledge

Reciprocal teaching

Transactional understanding

 

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Question 2 1 pts

Ryan has just received his first teaching position. After a celebratory dinner with his wife, he sits down to plan his first lesson unit. As images of multiple activities, materials, and projects start to run rampant, he tries to focus on the content of the first lesson. As he glances at the topic, only vague principles come to mind, so he looks down his list of lesson units for the school year. He realizes in all his enthusiasm over diverse and effective teaching methods and materials, he has lost sight of the heart of the matter: the scientific content! Which of the following areas is Ryan questioning his abilities in?

Reciprocal teaching

Transactional instruction

Expert knowledge

Pedagogical content knowledge

 

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Question 3 1 pts

According to recent research (Mayer 2004, 2008), which of the following are the three key cognitive processes a child needs to go through in order to read a printed word?

Expert knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and assessment knowledge

Awareness of sound units in words, decoding words, and accessing word meaning

Phonology, morphology, and syntax

Phonics, decoding, translation

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Question 4 1 pts

Which of the following especially focuses on grammar skills?

Phonology

Morphology

Syntax

Semantics

 

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Question 5 1 pts

Which of the following is an example of how teachers can help students become better readers?

Provide a print-rich environment.

Read what students are reading.

Talk about the most interesting parts of books and show excitement during discussions.

All of these

 

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Question 6 1 pts

In the developmental model of reading, which stage refers to the point individuals begin reading by learning to sound out words, and finalize their learning of letter names and sounds?

Stage 0

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Question 7 1 pts

In the developmental model of reading, which stage refers to the point where individuals are fully competent readers and have developed the ability to understand written material from multiple perspectives?

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

 

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Question 8 1 pts

Reading instruction that emphasizes paralleling children’s natural learning of language and the use of meaningful reading material refers to which approach to reading?

Phonics approach

Whole-language approach

Cognitive approach

Social constructivist approach

 

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Question 9 1 pts

Research has concluded that children from welfare homes receive how much language experience in their early years?

Nearly 30% of the amount of that found among professional families

Nearly 50% of the amount of that found among professional families

Nearly 70% of the amount of that found among professional families

The same amount of that found among professional families

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Question 10 1 pts

Ms. Daniels is discussing Reggie’s paper with him after class. Ms. Daniels notices that while Reggie has grasped the plot of Moby Dick, his paper does not meet the criteria of addressing the book’s dilemma from the different viewpoints of the main characters. Which developmental stage of reading would you say Reggie is in?

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

 

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Question 11 1 pts

Students get into their groups before receiving their reading assignment. The teacher reminds students of the three rules of group reading in her classroom: help each other, share your opinions, and ask peers or the teacher questions if you don’t understand. Which approach to reading does this relate to?

Phonics approach

Whole-language approach

Cognitive approach

Social constructivist approach

 

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Question 12 1 pts

At which age can children usually reproduce letters and copy several short words?

1 year

2 to 3 years

5 years

Elementary ages

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Question 13 1 pts

The belief that writing is culturally embedded and social constructed is emphasized in which approach to writing?

Cognitive

Social constructivist

Whole-language

Phonics

 

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Question 14 1 pts

Which of the following is not an effective strategy to incorporating writing into the curriculum?

Nurture positive attitudes toward learning.

Foster student engagement through authentic writing tasks.

Provide a supportive context for writing.

Avoid formal writing assignments.

 

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Question 15 1 pts

In order to provide a supportive context for writing, teachers should provide what type of goals?

Those that are simple so students are willing to try

Those that are hard so students benefit from high teacher expectations

Those of moderate difficulty so they are challenging yet realistic

There is no one right way to determine effective goals.

 

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Question 16 1 pts

Which of the following assignments is most consistent with the social constructivist approach to writing?

Writing a book report about a novel read aloud during class

Creating an outline to summarize main events studied during history class

Writing a term paper about a topic studied during science class

Writing an essay about a recent significant personal event

 

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Question 17 1 pts

Which of the following assignments is the best example of “free-writing”?

After studying a topic in life science, students are asked to write a summary of the main ideas and to develop examples.

After students are presented with an idea for a topic, they are asked to write whatever they want about it.

After students are given a chance to reflect on a recent event, they are asked to write a poem or short story about it.

After proposing a controversial topic for debate, students are asked to generate logical arguments supporting one side or the other.

 

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Question 18 1 pts

Ms. Davis outlines her approach to writing instruction for the upcoming school year. Last year students had such a hard time acquiring basic writing skills that Ms. Davis has developed a systematic approach that teaches students skills in the areas of time management, problem solving, monitoring, and revising. Which approach to writing does this match?

Cognitive

Social constructivist

Whole-language

Phonics

 

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Question 19 1 pts

Lydia’s writing performance has significantly improved since her friend Cecile shared advice on how she approaches writing assignments. When Cecile receives a writing assignment, she first estimates how long it will take to complete the assignment. Then she sketches out a brief outline of the elements she wants to include before beginning the actual writing. Which strategy of the cognitive approach to writing does Cecile suggest?

Planning

Problem solving

Revising

Monitoring

 

 

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Question 20 1 pts

The Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics emphasizes the importance of all of the following, except which one?

Solving meaningful math problems

Making math socially interactive

Making connections to prior knowledge

Practicing computations repeatedly

 

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Question 21 1 pts

A recent study used videotapes of eighth-grade math classrooms to examine how math is taught in different countries. The study showed that Japanese teachers let students spend _______ minutes on average struggling to solve a math problem compared to only ______ minutes on average for U.S. teachers.

21; 5

20; 2

15; 5

5; 15

 

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Question 22 1 pts

The current controversy in math involves whether math should be taught using a cognitive approach or a computational approach. The cognitive approach emphasizes _____, whereas the computational approach emphasizes _____.

speed and automaticity; developing concepts

developing concepts; speed and automaticity

technology usage; memorization and practice

memorization and practice; technology usage

 

 

 

 

 

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Question 23 1 pts

It is important for students to learn effective, efficient, and established computing methods. Which theme in mathematics instruction does this refer to?

Multiplicative reasoning

Equivalence

Computational fluency

Everyday mathematics

 

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Question 24 1 pts

Mrs. Williams reviews the math assignment and asks students to “debug” their wrong answers. She asks them to find the error, figure out why it is an error, and correct it. Mrs. Williams is engaging students in which of the following?

Drill and practice

Metacognitive strategies

Applying mathematical concepts in contexts outside of mathematics

Numerical operations

 

 

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Question 25 1 pts

Which of the following is not one of the constructivist principles for teaching mathematics?

Make math realistic and interesting.

Consider students’ prior knowledge.

Focus on innovative math projects.

Focus on individualized math projects to allow for student choice.

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Question 26 1 pts

Mr. Grammatica has made a pointed effort to gauge students’ prior knowledge of how to calculate percentages. He has had the repeated experience of students holding onto prior schemes despite their inaccuracy. So on the first day of class he passes around a worksheet to gauge their understanding. Which effective strategy of mathematics instruction is Mr. Grammatica focusing on?

Making math realistic

Considering students’ prior knowledge

Making math activities social

Incorporating innovative programs

 

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Question 27 1 pts

How might teachers use students’ underlying concepts to facilitate science education?

As support for the argument of a deficiency of positive science experiences in the home

By pointing out ineffective study strategies

As scaffolds for learning

As ideas for structuring assessment

 

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Question 28 1 pts

Mrs. Schwartz teaches science. This year, her students created models of the solar system, wired a doll house, and built racing cars. Which of the following terms best describes this teacher’s approach to teaching science?

Interactive demonstration strategy

Seatwork-based instruction

Direct instruction

Constructivist instruction

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Question 29 1 pts

Critics of constructivist approaches to teaching science repeatedly emphasize what argument?

Not enough attention is given to discipline-specific information.

Constructivist approaches have not been supported by enough research studies.

More lecture-oriented models of teaching have proven to be more significantly linked to science achievement.

Constructivist approaches focus on the memorization of facts, which does not promote critical thinking about scientific principles.

 

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Question 30 1 pts

In order for students to learn both inquiry skills and science content, which of the following should occur?

Teachers should carefully structure initial investigations.

Students should plan and conduct subsequent investigations.

Teachers should extensively monitor students’ independent investigations.

All of these

 

 

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Question 31 1 pts

Which is not a theme for social studies instruction proposed by the National Council for the Social Sciences?

Time, continuity, and change

Individual development and identity

Science, technology, and society

Focus on American social concerns

 

 

 

 

 

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Question 32 1 pts

Which theme addresses the relationship of people to their environment and engages students in learning that promotes understanding of global perspectives?

People, places, and environments

Individual development and identity

Power, authority, and governance

Culture

 

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Question 33 1 pts

Which theme addresses cultural similarities and differences?

People, places, and environments

Individual development and identity

Power, authority, and governance

Culture

 

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Question 34 1 pts

Which of the following is not a constructivist approach to teaching social studies?

Traditional manner of using a single textbook and complementing lectures with question-and-answer discussions

Emphasis on using multiple sources of information

Peer collaboration

Critical thinking about values

 

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Question 35 1 pts

Mr. Littleton is a new teacher at Southpoint Academy. If his teaching centers on civics and cultural diversity, and includes such disciplines as economics, geography, and psychology, which content area does he teach in?

Social studies

Science

Philosophy

Sociology

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Question 36 1 pts

Miss Brazelton begins her social studies discussion with an introduction that emphasizes the importance of understanding McCarthyism as an important historical event within the larger human story. Which social science theme does this best refer to?

Time, continuity, and change

Individuals, groups, and institutions

Power, authority, and governance

Civic ideals and practices

 

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Question 37 1 pts

Martin brings up a valid question in his social studies class. He feels that if contributing to society is such an important goal for each individual, how can one person go about making a difference? Which social science theme does Martin’s question best pertain to?

Time, continuity, and change

Individuals, groups, and institutions

Power, authority, and governance

Civic ideals and practices