Discussion Unit 1 – Sprinkler Systems
Energy loss in a fluid, say water, distribution system is a determinant factor in the global efficiency of the system under consideration. Losses are caused by friction, valves, pipe fittings, changes in pipe sizes, and so on.
In this discussion, we will review the flow of water for a sprinkler system in an office building to evaluate the flow impacts in a given set of pipes.
The figure below shows a part of a sprinkler system for fire protection in an office building. The flow of water from a main source for the building enters the sprinkler system through the larger diameter pipe along the bottom, called a header. This pipe presents water at a particular pressure to all of the branching pipes. Each branch is routed to sprinkler heads via straight lengths of pipe having valves, elbows, and tees as needed to reach its destination.
Consider that the three pipes of 3-inch diameter to the 6th floor contain sudden contractions, globe, and angle valves whereas the 1.5-inch diameter pipes to the 3rd floor are equipped with gradual contractions and gate valves.
In your post, answer the following:
Which of the two sets of pipes will generate more losses and hence, less flow rate? Discuss why.
Provide your justification, addressing the required amount of water needed to extinguish the fire.
It was also noticed that the sprinklers at the far end of the 6th floor were delivering way less than the required amount of water needed to extinguish the fire. How would you solve this problem in a very cost-effective way?
250 words approximate.
References; APA 6/7th edition.